AV-8B Harrier
Manufacturer: Boeing, St Louis, MO
Propulsion: One Rolls Royce F402-RR-406 or F402-RR-408 turbofan engine
Thrust:
F402-RR-406: 21,500 pounds
F402-RR-408: 23,400 pounds
Length: 46.3 feet (14.11 meters)
Wing span: 30.3 feet (9.24 meters)
Cruise speed: Subsonic to transonic
Ferry range: 2100 nautical miles (2416.64 miles)
Combat radius:
close air support: 163 nautical miles (187.45 miles) with 30 minutes time on station
interdiction: 454 nautical miles (522.45 miles)
Armament: Seven external store stations, comprising six wing stations for AIM-9 Sidewinder and an assortment of air-to-ground weapons, external fuel tanks and AGM-65 Maverick missiles; one centerline station for a DECM pod. A GAU-12 25MM six-barrel gun pod and accompanying ammunition pod can be mounted either side of centerline and has a 300 round capacity with a lead computing optical sight system (LCOSS) gunsight.
Crew: 1
Introduction date: 12 January 1985, AV-8BII(Plus) introduced in June 1993
Unit Replacement Cost: $26,000,000
Mission: The mission of the VMA STOVL squadron is to attack and destroy surface and air targets, to escort helicopters, and to conduct other such air operations as may be directed. Specific tasks of the AV-8B HARRIER II include:
- Conduct close air support using conventional and specific weapons.
- Conduct deep air support, to include armed reconnaissance and air interdiction, using conventional and specific weapons.
- Conduct offensive and defensive anti-air warfare. This includes combat air patrol, armed escort missions, and offensive missions against enemy ground-to-air defenses, all within the capabilities of the aircraft.
- Be able to operate and deliver ordnance at night and to operate under instrument flight conditions.
- Be able to deploy for extended operations employing aerial refueling.
- Be able to deploy to and operate from carriers and other suitable seagoing platforms, advanced bases, expeditionary airfields, and remote tactical landing sites.
Features: The AV-8B V/STOL strike aircraft was designed to replace the AV-8A and the A-4M light attack aircraft. The Marine Corps requirement for a V/STOL light attack force has been well documented since the late 1950's. Combining tactical mobility, responsiveness, reduced operating cost and basing flexibility, both afloat and ashore, V/STOL aircraft are particularly well-suited to the special combat and expeditionary requirements of the Marine Corps. The AV-8BII+ features the APG-65 Radar common to the F/A-18, as well as all previous systems and features common to the AV-8B Harrier II.
Background: Operation Desert Storm in 1991 was highlighted by expeditionary air operations performed by the AV-8B. The Harrier II was the first Marine Corps tactical strike platform to arrive in theater, and subsequently operated from various basing postures. Three squadrons, totaling 60 aircraft, and one six-aircraft detachment operated ashore from an expeditionary airfield, while one squadron of 20 aircraft operated from amphibious shipping. During the ground war, AV-8Bs were based as close as 35 nautical miles (40.22 miles) from the Kuwait border, making them the most forward deployed tactical strike aircraft in theater. The AV-8B flew 3,380 sorties for a total of 4,083 flight hours while maintaining a mission capable rate in excess of 90%. Average turnaround time during the ground war surge rate flight operations was 23 minutes. General Schwartzkoph, in his report to the Secretary of Defense after the war, cited seven weapon systems that significantly contributed to the quick success of Operation Desert Storm; only three of which were aircraft, the F-117, the AH-64, and the AV-8B Harrier.
Inventory: 7 squadrons with 16 aircraft each and 1 training squadron with 14 AV-8B and 14 TAV-8B aircraft for a total 146 aircraft.